Copper-containing enzymes perform fundamental functions by activating dioxygen (O 2) and
therefore allowing chemical energy-transfer for aerobic metabolism. The copper …

As a cofactor of proteins and enzymes involved in critical molecular pathways in mammals
and low eukaryotes, copper is a transition metal essential for life. The intra-cellular and extra …

Copper is an essential element in many biological processes. The critical functions
associated with copper have resulted from evolutionary harnessing of its potent redox …

Copper is a biometal essential for normal brain development and function, thus copper
deficiency or excess results in central nervous system disease. Well-characterized disorders …

Brain development requires a fine-tuned copper homoeostasis. Copper deficiency or excess
results in severe neuro-pathologies. We demonstrate that upon neuronal differentiation …

Copper is an essential element that is required for a variety of important cellular functions.
Since not only copper deficiency but also excess of copper can seriously affect cellular …

Copper is an essential metal present at high levels in the CNS. Its role as a cofactor in
mitochondrial ATP production and in essential cuproenzymes is well defined. Menkes and …

Copper is an essential trace metal that is required for the catalysis of several important
cellular enzymes. However, since an excess of copper can also harm cells due to its …

Transition metals have been recognized and studied primarily in the context of their
essential roles as structural and metabolic cofactors for biomolecules that compose living …

Copper is an essential transition metal ion for the function of key metabolic enzymes, but its
uncontrolled redox reactivity is source of reactive oxygen species. Therefore a network of …