Study Objective: To determine whether nebulized bupivacaine attenuates the acute
hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Design: Prospective, randomized …

Background: Local anesthetics, principally lidocaine, are commonly administered in an
attempt to blunt the hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation. There are no prior …

Study Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of lidocaine, esmolol, and nitroglycerin
in modifying the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Design …

Background: The present study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the efficacy of
intravenous (IV) fentanyl and lignocaine airway nebulization and a combination of both in …

Aims: We aimed to evaluate if ropivacaine 0.25% nebulization would prevent hemodynamic
and cough responses to intubation and extubation and compared it with lignocaine 2% and …

Abstract Study Objective: To determine whether a 300 μg dose of oral clonidine given 90
minutes prior to laryngoscopy and intubation provides hemodynamic protection from the …

Study Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine and two doses of esmolol
for attenuating the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation, and to assess …

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are noxious stimuli associated with
transient haemodynamic changes which can be deleterious, especially in patients with …

BACKGROUND This study was designed to determine the efficacy of a combined use of oral
clonidine and intravenous esmolol for blunting the sympathetic response during tracheal …

Introduction: Laryngoscopy and intubation are associated with the reflex response of
hypertension, tachycardia and other intraoperative complications. Nebulised route drug …