Background Myeloid cells are an abundant leukocyte in many types of tumors and contribute
to immune evasion. Expression of the enzyme arginase 1 (Arg1) is a defining feature of …

Background Tumor orchestrated metabolic changes in the microenvironment limit
generation of anti-tumor immune responses. Availability of arginine, a semi-essential amino …

An extensive fibroinflammatory stroma rich in macrophages is a hallmark of pancreatic
cancer. In this disease, it is well appreciated that macrophages are immunosuppressive and …

Amino acid metabolism is a critical regulator of the immune response, and its modulating
becomes a promising approach in various forms of immunotherapy. Insufficient …

Immunotherapy has demonstrated significant activity in a broad range of cancer types, but
still the majority of patients receiving it do not maintain durable therapeutic responses …

Expression of the L-arginine catabolizing enzyme arginase 1 (ARG1) is a central
immunosuppressive mechanism mediated by tumor-educated myeloid cells. Increased …

Arginase 1 (ARG1) is an important enzyme in amino acid metabolism that also exerts
immunoregulatory function. High ARG1 expression, which is associated with cell cycle arrest …

T cells infiltrating tumors have a decreased expression of signal transduction proteins, a
diminished ability to proliferate, and a decreased production of cytokines. The mechanisms …

An adequate level of arginine in the tissue microenvironment is essential for T cell activity
and survival. Arginine levels are regulated by the arginine-catabolizing enzyme, arginase …

Patients with cancer have an impaired T cell response that can decrease the potential
therapeutic benefit of cancer vaccines and other forms of immunotherapy. The establishment …