Environmental factors are the largest contributors to cardiovascular disease. Here we show
that cardiac organoids that incorporate an oxygen-diffusion gradient and that are stimulated …

An ensemble of in vitro cardiac tissue models has been developed over the past several
decades to aid our understanding of complex cardiovascular disorders using a reductionist …

Human cardiac organoids (hCOs), three-dimensional (3D) cellular constructs similar to in
vivo organ, are new-generation models. To a large extent, a hCO retains the biological …

Organoids, or miniaturized organs formed in vitro, hold potential to revolutionize how
researchers approach and answer fundamental biological and pathological questions. In the …

Three-dimensional in vitro cell systems are a promising alternative to animals to study
cardiac biology and disease. We have generated three-dimensional in vitro models of the …

Human cardiac drug discovery and disease modeling face challenges in recapitulating
cellular complexity and animal‐to‐human translation due to the limitations of conventional …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Although investment in
drug discovery and development has been sky-rocketing, the number of approved drugs has …

Organoids are tiny, self-organized, three-dimensional tissue cultures that are derived from
the differentiation of stem cells. The growing interest in the use of organoids arises from their …

Tissue engineering has enabled the development of advanced and physiologically relevant
models of cardiovascular diseases, with advantages over conventional 2D in vitro assays …

A growing area in the field of tissue engineering is the development of tissue equivalents as
model systems for in vitro experimentation and high-throughput screening applications …