Fish schooling is a remarkable biological behavior that is thought to provide hydrodynamic
advantages. Theoretical models have predicted significant reduction in swimming cost due …

The coordinated motion by multiple swimmers is a fundamental component in fish schooling.
The flow field induced by the motion of each self-propelled swimmer implies non-linear …

Schooling in fish is linked to a number of factors such as increased foraging success,
predator avoidance, and social interactions. In addition, a prevailing hypothesis is that …

It is a long-held perception that schooling swimming of fish can provide individuals in a
group with additional hydrodynamic benefits. However how fish maintain a stable schooling …

The hydrodynamics of schooling fish has been the subject of continued investigation over
the last 50 years; fish schools exhibit a variety of arrangements and several distinct …

Mechanisms for hydrodynamic benefit via fluid interactions in large planar fish schools (n≥
10) are investigated by two-dimensional numerical simulations of carangiform fish …

The physical basis for fish schooling is examined using three-dimensional numerical
simulations of a pair of swimming fish, with kinematics and geometry obtained from …

Schools of fish can provide individuals with hydrodynamic advantages, thereby improving
the swimming efficiency. Fish schools in nature are mostly spatial configurations, not just …

A potential benefit of swimming together in coordinated schools is to allow fish to extract
energy from vortices shed by their neighbours, thus reducing the costs of locomotion. This …

There is increasing evidence that fish gain energetic benefits from the hydrodynamic
interactions when they swim in a school. The most recent indications of such benefits are a …