INTRODUCTION Variation in pigmentation among human populations may reflect local
adaptation to regional light environments, because dark skin is more photoprotective …

Skin color is highly variable in Africans, yet little is known about the underlying molecular
mechanism. Here we applied massively parallel reporter assays to screen 1,157 candidate …

Approximately 15 genes have been directly associated with skin pigmentation variation in
humans, leading to its characterization as a relatively simple trait. However, by assembling a …

Skin pigmentation is a human phenotype that varies greatly among human populations and
it has long been speculated that this variation is adaptive. We therefore expect the genes …

We have conducted a multistage genomewide association study, using 1,620,742 single-
nucleotide polymorphisms to systematically investigate the genetic factors influencing …

Phenotypic variation between human populations in skin pigmentation correlates with
latitude at the continental level. A large number of hypotheses involving genetic adaptation …

Skin color, one of the most diverse human traits, is determined by the quantity, type, and
distribution of melanin. In this study, we leveraged the light-scattering properties of melanin …

We report a genome-wide association scan in> 6,000 Latin Americans for pigmentation of
skin and eyes. We found eighteen signals of association at twelve genomic regions. These …

Lighter variations of pigmentation in humans are associated with diminished number, size,
and density of melanosomes, the pigmented organelles of melanocytes. Here we show that …

Humans are a colourful species of primate, with human skin, hair and eye coloration having
been influenced by a great variety of evolutionary forces throughout prehistory. Functionally …