The fin-to-limb transition represents one of the major vertebrate morphological innovations
associated with the transition from aquatic to terrestrial life and is an attractive model for …

HOX genes are essential for growth and patterning of the tetrapod limb skeleton1–5. Mice
mutant for the Hoxd-13 gene have an important delay in morphogenesis owing to reduced …

Comparative analyses of Hox gene expression and regulation in teleost fish and tetrapods
support the long-entrenched notion that the distal region of tetrapod limbs, containing the …

Vertebrate Hox genes are essential for limb development. The posterior-most Hoxd and
Hoxa genes are required for growth and patterning of digits and are also strongly expressed …

Abstract Vertebrate HoxA and HoxD cluster genes are required for proper limb
development,,. However, early lethality, compensation and redundancy have made a full …

Hox genes, located at one end of the HoxD cluster, are essential for the development of the
extremities of our limbs; that is, the digits. This 'collinear'correspondence is accompanied by …

Abstract Development of paired appendages at appropriate levels along the primary body
axis is a hallmark of the body plan of jawed vertebrates. Hox genes are good candidates for …

The Hox genes encode a class of transcription factors that are thought to be crucial for
specification of body plans. This means that they are of interest to both developmental and …

AMONG THE FiRST fossil finds to pave the way for our modern conception of tetrapod
origins were those of a creature called Acanthostega, which lived about 360 million years …

Understanding the evolutionary transformation of fish fins into tetrapod limbs is a
fundamental problem in biology. The search for antecedents of tetrapod digits in fish has …