The genetic basis underlying adaptive physiological mechanisms has been extensively
explored in mammals after colonizing the seas. However, independent lineages of aquatic …

Background Osmoregulation was a primary challenge for cetaceans during the evolutionary
transition from a terrestrial to a mainly hyperosmotic environment. Several physiological …

Background Marine mammals are well adapted to their hyperosmotic environment. Several
morphological and physiological adaptations for water conservation and salt excretion are …

Ecological transitions across salinity boundaries have led to some of the most important
diversification events in the animal kingdom, especially among fishes. Adaptations …

Ecological transitions across salinity boundaries have led to some of the most important
diversification events in the animal kingdom, especially among fishes. Adaptations …

One of the most important physiological challenges animals had to overcome during
terrestrialization (ie, the transition from sea to land) was water loss, which alters their osmotic …

Freshwater habitats of the Neotropics exhibit a gradient from relatively neutral, ion-rich
whitewater to acidic, ion-poor blackwater. Closely related species often show …

A central question in evolutionary biology represents understanding the molecular basis of
adaptive response to differing environmental salinity gradients. The capacity to …

One of the most important physiological challenges animals had to overcome during
terrestrialization (ie, the transition from sea to land) is water loss, which alters their osmotic …

Early marine invertebrates like the Branchiopoda began their sojourn into dilute media some
500 million years ago in the Middle Cambrian. Others like the Mollusca, Annelida, and many …