The immune system of vertebrates confers protective mechanisms to the host through the
sensing of stress-induced agents expressed during infection or cell stress. Among them, the …

Higher vertebrates have developed protective mechanisms that can detect stress-induced
agents expressed during infection, stress or cellular damage. Innate sensing of these agents …

Mitochondria are versatile organelles and essential components of numerous biological
processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and cell fate determination. In …

Mitochondria are functionally versatile organelles. In addition to their conventional role of
meeting the cell's energy requirements, mitochondria also actively regulate innate immune …

Macrophages are phagocytic cells that participate in a broad range of cellular functions and
they are key regulators of innate immune responses and inflammation. Mitochondria are …

Mitochondria engage in multiple cellular and extracellular signaling pathways ranging from
metabolic control, antiviral and antibacterial host defense to the modulation of inflammatory …

Inflammation is a cellular and molecular response to infection and/or tissues injury. While a
suited inflammatory response in intensity and time allows for killing pathogens, clearing …

The innate immune system has a key role in the mammalian immune response. Recent
research has demonstrated that mitochondria participate in a broad range of innate immune …

Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that originate from a bacterial symbiont, and they
retain multiple features of this bacterial ancestry. The immune system evolved to detect the …

Orchestrating biological activities of immune cells through metabolic reprogramming reveals
a new approach to harnessing immune responses. Increasing evidence reveals that the …