Because physicians have traditionally considered heart failure to be a hemodynamic
disorder, they have described the syndrome of heart failure using hemodynamic concepts …

Heart failure is a changing paradigm. The hemodynamic model, which served our needs
well from the 1950s through the early 1980s, has now been largely abandoned, except for …

During the last 20 years, physicians have generally regarded heart failure as a
haemodynamic disorder in an attempt to explain patients' symptoms and disability. This …

The advent of neurohormonal blockade in heart failure (HF) has been an overwhelming
success, but current evidence points to a ceiling effect as newer neurohormonal targets are …

Neurohumoral vasoconstrictor systems may play an important role in the hemodynamic
derangement and natural history of congestive heart failure (CHF) by raising impedance to …

Although the development and progression of heart failure have traditionally been viewed
as hemodynamic disorders, there is now an increasing awareness that the syndrome of …

Recent studies have identified the importance of biologically active molecules such as
neurohormones as mediators of disease progression in heart failure. More recently it has …

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine whether endurance exercise
training could buffer neuroendocrine activity in chronic heart failure patients …

Chronic heart failure is a disabling and lethal disorder with high incidence and prevalence in
Western societies. Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and heart …

Congestive heart failure (CHF) promotes an array of biologic changes that are largely
designed to compensate for reduced flow. These include activation of the sympathetic …