The near‐infrared window between 1000 and 1700 nm, commonly termed the “second near‐
infrared (NIR‐II) window,” has quickly emerged as a highly attractive optical region for …

Noninvasive near‐infrared (NIR) light ranging from 650 to 1000 nm (NIR‐I) is widely
employed in fundamental research and clinical applications; however, a recently discovered …

Fluorescence imaging technique, characterized by high sensitivity, non-invasiveness and no
radiation hazard, has been widely applicated in the biomedical field. However, the depth of …

In the past decade, noticeable progress has been achieved regarding fluorescence imaging
in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) window. Fluorescence imaging in the NIR‐II window …

Over the last decade, a series of synergistic advances in the synthesis chemistries and
imaging instruments have largely boosted a significant revolution, in which large-scale …

For a long time, optical imaging of the deep brain with high resolution has been a challenge.
Recently, with the advance in second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) bioimaging techniques and …

In vivo near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is an emerging biomedical imaging
modality for use in both fundamental scientific research and clinical practice. Owing to …

Recently, much attention has been focused on the development of second near‐infrared
window (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) fluorescence imaging because of its reduced scattering …

In vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) has been
considered as a promising technique for visualizing mammals. However, the definition of the …

Owing to reduced light scattering and tissue autofluorescence, in vivo fluorescence imaging
in the 1,000–3,000-nm near-infrared II (NIR-II) spectral range can afford non-invasive …