Background Brain innate immunity is vital for maintaining normal brain functions. Immune
homeostatic imbalances play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases …

NG2-expressing neural progenitor cells (ie, NG2 glial cells) maintain their proliferative and
migratory activities even in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and produce …

Microglia and astroglia play critical roles in the development, function, and survival of
neurons in the CNS. However, under inflammatory conditions the role of astrogliosis in the …

Fine regulation of the innate immune response following brain injury or infection is important
to avoid excessive activation of microglia and its detrimental consequences on neural cell …

Background Tissue damage and cellular destruction are the major events in traumatic brain
injury (TBI), which trigger sterile neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory responses in the …

Background WNT-5A signaling in the central nervous system is important for
morphogenesis, neurogenesis and establishment of functional connectivity; the source of …

Microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain parenchyma, are key players in central
nervous system (CNS) development, homeostasis, and disorders. Distinct brain pathologies …

Acute inflammation is a key feature of innate immunity that initiates clearance and repair in
infected or damaged tissues. Alternatively, chronic inflammation is implicated in numerous …

Although mechanisms leading to brain-specific inflammation and T cell activation have been
widely investigated, regulatory mechanisms of local innate immune cells in the brain are …

Astrocytes are abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that play active roles
in health and disease. Recent technologies have uncovered the functional heterogeneity of …