Plant pathogenic fungi represent the largest group of disease-causing agents on crop
plants, and are a constant and major threat to agriculture worldwide. Recent studies have …

Previous reports have shown that, when Verticillium dahliae localizes at the root surface,
many microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified at the early induction stage. Here, we …

Small RNA (sRNA)-mediated trans-kingdom RNA interference (RNAi) between host and
pathogen has been demonstrated and utilized. However, interspecies RNAi in rhizospheric …

Plants seem to take up exogenous RNA that was artificially designed to target specific
genes, followed by activation of the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery. It is, however, not …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21-to 24-nucleotide short noncoding RNAs that trigger gene
silencing in eukaryotes. In plants, miRNAs play a crucial role in a wide range of …

Highlights•RNA produced in a host plant can affect gene expression in an interacting fungus
or oomycete.•RNA produced in a fungus can affect the defense system of a host …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are short (19–25 nucleotides)
non-coding RNA molecules that have large-scale regulatory effects on development and …

Regulation of gene expression through microRNAs (miRNAs) and antiviral defense through
small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are aspects of RNA silencing, a process originally …

Fungal pathogens represent a major group of plant invaders that are the causative agents of
many notorious plant diseases. Large quantities of RNAs, especially small RNAs involved in …

Small RNA (sRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is a regulatory mechanism
conserved in almost all eukaryotes. sRNAs play a critical role in host pathogen interactions …