Generalization is a critical feature of aversive memories and significantly contributes to post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathogenesis. While fear memories over time tend to …

Dopaminergic neurotransmission via dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) is considered to play
an important role not only in reward-based learning but also in aversive learning. The …

Activity in the rodent prelimbic (PL) cortex contributes to consolidation, retrieval and
reconsolidation of learned fear. The PL cortex is considered homologous to the primate …

The details of contextual or episodic memories are lost and generalized with the passage of
time. Proper generalization may underlie the formation and assimilation of semantic …

In memory overgeneralization, details from negatively-valenced episodic memories become
excessively generalized to unrelated neutral situations. This is a key cognitive distortion …

Disproportionate, maladapted, and generalized fear are essential hallmarks of posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), which develops upon severe trauma in a subset of exposed …

After traumatic events, simple cue-threat associative memories strengthen while episodic
memories become fragmented. However, how the brain prioritizes cue associations over …

Whether the attenuation of traumatic memories is mediated through the suppression of the
original memory trace of fear by a new memory trace of safety, or through an updating of the …

As memories age, their processing increasingly relies upon cortical rather than hippocampal
circuits, but the adaptive significance and mechanisms of this shift are not fully understood …

Traumatic or threatening experiences can produce long-lasting fear memories whose
formation reflects structural and chemical changes among engram neurons. Fear memory …