Musculoskeletal disorders of the cervical spine have increased considerably in recent times.
To understand the effects of various biomechanical factors, quantifying the differences in …

Cervical spine diseases lead to a heavy economic burden to the individuals and societies.
Moreover, frequent post-operative complications mean a higher risk of neck pain and …

Cervical spinal loads are predominately influenced by activities of cervical muscles.
However, the coordination between deep and superficial muscles and their influence on the …

Relatively few biomechanical models exist aimed at quantifying the mechanical risk factors
associated with neck pain. In addition, there is a need to validate spinal-rhythm techniques …

Follower loads are used to simulate physiological compressive loads on the human spine.
These compressive loads represent the load-carrying capacity of the human cervical spine …

To gain a better understanding of the forces working on the cervical spine, a spatial
biomechanical computer model was developed. The first part of our research was …

An anatomically accurate, three-dimensional, nonlinear finite element model of the human
cervical spine was developed using computed tomography images and cryomicrotome …

The in vivo intervertebral range of motion (ROM) is an important predictor for spinal
disorders. While the subaxial cervical spine has been extensively studied, the motion …

There are different approaches to Predict the nonlinear moment–rotation relationship and
evaluate internal loads and muscle forces of the human cervical spine. In this study a …

In spine biomechanics, follower loads are used to mimic the in vivo muscle forces acting on
a human spine. However, the effects of the follower load on the continuous biomechanical …