Cancer represents an extremely complicated ecosystem where cancer cells communicate
with non-cancer cells present in the tumour niche through intercellular contacts, paracrine …

The tumor microenvironment has profound effects on cancer development, progression, and
therapeutic response. Cancer cells co-exist with infiltrated immune cells, blood vessels …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancerogenesis. Various
components of the TME, such as cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) …

Metabolic dysfunctionality is undoubtedly the central phenomenon that marks the onset of
malignancy in human body. Various hormones particularly adipokines work collectively with …

Cancer is the leading cause of mortality among humans globally. Knowing about the
etiology underlying the advancement of cancer is imperative for curtailing the monetary and …

Cancer, a highly heterogeneous disease, arises from the spontaneous selection of
advantageous molecular level processes favoring cell proliferation and growth. Uncontrolled …

Metabolic changes that facilitate tumor growth are one of the hallmarks of cancer. These
changes are not specific to tumors but also take place during the physiological growth of …

The metabolic reprogramming that occurs in cancer cells is a hallmark of cancer [1]. Indeed,
elucidating the effects of dysregulated metabolism on cancer cell phenotype constitutes the …

In cancerous cells, significant changes occur in the activity of signaling pathways affecting a
wide range of cellular activities ranging from growth and proliferation to apoptosis …

In spite of the continuous improvement in our knowledge of the nature of cancer, the causes
of its formation and the development of new treatment methods, our knowledge is still …