BACKGROUND The extent of urban areas is increasing around the world, and most humans
now live in cities. Urbanization results in dramatic environmental change, including …

Although research performed in cities will not uncover new evolutionary mechanisms, it
could provide unprecedented opportunities to examine the interplay of evolutionary forces in …

Urbanization represents a dominant and growing form of disturbance to Earth's natural
ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and ecosystem services on a global scale. While decades …

Urban Evolutionary Biology fills an important knowledge gap on wild organismal evolution in
the urban environment, whilst offering a novel exploration of the fast-growing new field of …

Urban ecologists have demonstrated that cities are functioning ecosystems. It follows then
that species living in these contexts should participate in and experience the same suite of …

Current narratives suggest that urban adaptation–the adaptive evolution of organisms to
cities–is pervasive across taxa and cities. However, in reviewing hundreds of studies, we …

Urban ecosystems are rapidly expanding throughout the world, but how urban growth affects
the evolutionary ecology of species living in urban areas remains largely unknown. Urban …

Research on the evolutionary ecology of urban areas reveals how human-induced
evolutionary changes affect biodiversity and essential ecosystem services. In a rapidly …

Cities are uniquely complex systems regulated by interactions and feedbacks between
nature and human society. Characteristics of human society—including culture, economics …

Urbanization is changing Earth's ecosystems by altering the interactions and feedbacks
between the fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes that maintain life. Humans …