For over 20 years, bovine beta-casein has been a subject of increasing scientific interest
because its genetic A1 variant during gastrointestinal digestion releases opioid-like peptide …

Background A number of randomised in vivo trials have to date investigated the health
impacts of the genetic variants A1 and A2 of bovine β-casein. The primary difference …

Scientists in developed countries have still discuss the situation of milk A1 and A2. The
controversy is that one group of scientists claim of A1 type a cause of many health problems …

The 2 major subvariants of β-casein (A1 and A2), coded by CSN2 gene, have received great
interest in the last decade both from the scientific community and the dairy sector due to their …

The A1 variant protein of the β-casein family has been implicated in various disease states
although much evidence is weak or contradictory. The primary objective was to measure, for …

The most common types of beta-casein in cow's milk are A1 and A2, which differ in one
amino acid. During the gastrointestinal proteolysis of A1 beta-casein in humans this …

Many studies highlighted potential associations of β-casein A1 with specific human diseases
and a minor digestibility of milk, due to the bioactive peptide β-casomorphin 7 (BCM-7) …

Diet has been shown to play an important role in maintaining normal homeostasis in the
human body. Milk and milk products are a major component of the Western diet, but their …

Milk from dairy cows has long provided a high quality source of protein and selected
micronutrients such as calcium to most populations. Recently, a relationship between …

BACKGROUND Genetic variants of β‐casein are cosnidered to affect the components of
milk. However, limited data are available on the bovine protein components correlated with …