Exposure of the airways epithelium to environmental insults, including cigarette smoke,
results in increased oxidative stress due to unbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in …

The redox equilibrium is important in preserving the correct functionality of vital cellular
functions. Oxidative stress occurs in both nucleated and non-nucleated cells, and is defined …

Cigarette smoke (CS) poses a significant risk factor for respiratory, vascular, and organ
diseases owing to its high content of harmful chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

The mechanism (s) by which cigarette smoke contributes to lung diseases, such as cancer,
remains unclear. Recent developments in our knowledge of cell signalling events suggest …

Background Tobacco smoking remains a major preventable cause of disease and death
worldwide. Combustible cigarettes release thousands of chemicals that can initiate …

Inflammation of the human lung is mediated in response to different stimuli (eg, physical,
radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic or toxic) such as cigarette smoke and environmental …

Redox regulation participates in the control of various aspects of metabolism. Reactive
oxygen and nitrogen species participate in many reactions under physiological conditions …

Cigarette smoke contains numerous chemical compounds, including abundant reactive
oxygen/nitrogen species and aldehydes, and many other carcinogens. Long-term cigarette …

Tobacco smoke exposure is the cause of exaggerated inflammatory responses and tissue
destruction leading to chronic bronchitis and emphysema. A number of studies have used …

Background: Cigarette smoke (CS) is associated with oxidative stress in several organs
because it contains high concentrations of free radicals and reactive oxygen species …