This paper summarizes current challenges, the potential use of novel scientific
methodologies, and ways forward in the risk assessment and risk management of mixtures …

This paper reviews regulatory requirements and recent case studies to illustrate how the risk
assessment (RA) of chemical mixtures is conducted, considering both the effects on human …

The most commonly used chemical mixtures risk assessment methods involve simple
notions of additivity and toxicological similarity. Newer methods are emerging in response to …

An analysis of current mixture theory, policy, and practice was conducted by examining
standard reference texts, regulatory guidance documents, and journal articles. Although this …

A major objective of combination toxicology is to establish whether a mixture of chemicals
will result in an effect similar to that expected on the basis of additivity. This requires …

Evaluation of potential human health hazards from exposure to chemical mixtures in the
environment presents one of the most difficult challenges for risk assessment as well as for …

Abstract Background The Cefic Mixtures Industry Ad-hoc Team (MIAT) has investigated how
risks from combined exposures can be effectively identified and managed using concepts …

Some of the most challenging problems that toxicologists confront are determining how
biological effects of components in a complex mixture may interact, determining how these …

A major challenge for the toxicologist involved in safety evaluation of chemical mixtures is to
test the hypothesis that as a rule exposure to mixtures of chemicals at (low) non-toxic doses …

Humans are exposed to mixtures of chemicals, rather than to individual chemicals. From a
public health point of view, it is most relevant to answer the question of whether or not the …