External tension in membranes plays a vital role in numerous physiological and
physicochemical phenomena. In this review, recent developments in the constant electric …

Electropermeabilization is a promising phenomenon that occurs when pulsed electric field
with high frequency is applied to cells/vesicles. We quantify the required values of pulsed …

The stretching of biomembranes and lipid membranes plays important roles in various
physiological and physicochemical phenomena. Here we analyzed the rate constant kp of …

The pore edge tension (Γ) of a membrane closely intertwines with membrane stability and
plays a vital role in the mechanisms that facilitate membrane resealing following pore …

Rupturing fluid membrane vesicles with a steady ramp of micropipette suction yields a
tension distribution that images the kinetic process of membrane failure. When plotted on a …

Rupturing fluid membrane vesicles with a steady ramp of micropipette suction produces a
distribution of breakage tensions governed by the kinetic process of membrane failure …

The bending energy of the lipid membrane is central to biological processes involving
vesicles, such as endocytosis and exocytosis. To illustrate the role of bending energy in …

The methodology of constant tension-induced rupture of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs)
has provided information on tension-induced pore formation. This method was used to …

Osmotic pressure (Π) induces the stretching of plasma membranes of cells or lipid
membranes of vesicles, which plays various roles in physiological functions. However, there …

Osmotic pressure (Π) induces membrane tension in cell membranes and the lipid bilayers of
vesicles and plays an important role in the functions and physical properties of these …