The most dominant arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiont can be established on roots of
most terrestrial plants by beneficial AM fungi. A type of polycationic and aliphatic …

Soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance the tolerance of plants against soil
moisture deficit stress (SMDS), but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood …

Environmental stresses of (a) biotic origin induce the production of multitudinous
compounds (metabolites and proteins) as protective defense mechanisms in plants. On …

Salinity and drought are the major osmotic stress limitations that affect plant growth and crop
yield in agriculture worldwide. The alternative response mediated by plants in response to …

Arbusculuar mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) optimize root system architecture (RSA) of their host
plants, whilst polyamines (PAs), including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine …

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is known to be a mutually beneficial plant-fungal symbiosis;
however, the effect of mycorrhization is heavily dependent on multiple biotic and abiotic …

Most terrestrial plant roots form mutualistic symbiosis with soil-borne arbuscular mycorrhizal
fungi (AMF), a characteristic feature of which is nutrient exchange between the two symbiotic …

Arbuscular mycorrhizas enhance the drought tolerance of host plants through several
underlying mechanisms. Polyamines (PAs) are known to protect plant cells from the …

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are members of the plant rhizomicrobiome
that enhance plant growth and stress resistance by increasing nutrient availability to the …

Polyamines are known to strongly stimulate hyphal growth in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
The effect of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine on spore germination …