Stress is an ubiquitous phenomenon with significant impact on human physiology when it
lasts too long, when it is too intense, or when it hits vulnerable individuals. Examining the …

Stress is one of the most significant health problems in modern societies and the 21st
century. This explains a pressing need for investigations into the biological pathways linking …

Objective: To test if the covariance of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and
subjective-psychological responses to stress is dependent on different dynamics of these …

Effective coordination of the biological stress response is integral for the behavioural well‐
being of an organism. Stress reactivity is coordinated by an interplay of the neuroendocrine …

Whether one is male or female is one of the most important determinants of human health.
While males are more susceptible to cardiovascular and infectious disease, they are …

Gonadal hormones play a key role in the establishment, activation, and regulation of the
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. By influencing the response and sensitivity to …

Exposure to stress during critical periods in development can have severe long-term
consequences, increasing overall risk on psychopathology. One of the key stress response …

Introduction Inflammation is drawing attention as pathway between psychosocial stress and
health, and basal HPA axis activity has been suggested to exert a consistent regulatory …

Cumulative acute psychosocial stress is thought to promote the development of a range of
disorders which suggests that biomarkers for the physiological response may become …

Although a rapid response habituation to repeated stress exposure is a key characteristic of
the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, several studies document a substantial …