Public investment into risk reduction infrastructure plays an important role in facilitating
adaptation to climate impacted hazards and natural disasters. In this paper, we provide an …

Incomplete knowledge about climate change and the related uncertainty in climate
prediction makes adaptation inherently difficult. We introduce a real options framework to …

Does climate change adaptation require that investments are designed to be more robust?
What about when climate change is more uncertain? What if the climate changes faster …

Enormous public investment will occur as communities adapt to climate change. Much of this
investment will be irreversible and the future benefits are uncertain. The real options …

Investments in climate-change adaptation will have to be made while the extent of climate
change is uncertain. However, some important sources of uncertainty will fall over time as …

Investment decisions about capital-intensive, long-lived infrastructure are challenging due to
uncertainty about their future performance, particularly if the performance is sensitive to …

Extreme natural disasters caused by climate change and socio-economic development,
such as floods, are likely to occur more frequently and impose an increasing threat on the …

Climate change will exacerbate the challenges associated with weather variability and
extremes in developing countries. As such, it reinforces the development case for investment …

A major decision-supporting tool commonly used for estimating the efficiency of
development projects is cost-benefit analysis (CBA). CBA is used to organize, appraise, and …

Uncertain future payoffs and irreversible costs characterize investment in climate change
adaptation and mitigation. Under these conditions, it is relevant to analyze investment …