Charged particle beam radiotherapy requires dedicated measures to compensate for the
dosimetric influence of inter-and intra-fractional target motion. Independent of the delivery …

PURPOSE: To demonstrate mitigation of the interplay effects of scanned particle beams and
residual target motion within a gating window by increased overlap of pencil beams …

In this review article, we introduced the importance of “motion management” in advanced
particle therapy. Several publications have reported that organ motion causes dose …

Scanned particle beams and target motion interfere. This interplay leads to deterioration of
the dose distribution. Experiments and a treatment planning study were performed to …

Advanced 4D dose calculations (4DDCs) for scanned particle therapy show that in the
incidence of motion, it is insufficient to use target contours defined on one reference CT …

Dose uncertainty induced by respiratory motion remains a major concern for treating
thoracic and abdominal lesions using particle beams. This Task Group report reviews the …

Gating is a relatively new and potentially useful therapeutic addition to external beam
radiotherapy applied to regions affected by intra-fraction motion. The impact was of gating …

Treatment of moving targets with scanned particle beams results in local over‐and under‐
dosage due to interplay of beam and target motion. To mitigate the impact of respiratory …

Patient and internal organ motion during treatment with a scanned proton beam can
introduce unplanned heterogeneities in the dose distribution throughout the irradiated …

A key challenge in radiation oncology is accurate delivery of the prescribed dose to tumours
that move because of respiration. Tumour tracking involves real-time target localisation and …