An important feature of cocaine addiction in humans is the emergence of negative affect (eg,
dysphoria, irritability, anhedonia), postulated to play a key role in craving and relapse …

The motivation to seek cocaine comes in part from a dysregulation of reward processing
manifested in dysphoria, or affective withdrawal. Learning is a critical aspect of drug abuse; …

Background Prominent neurobiological theories of addiction posit a central role for aberrant
mesolimbic dopamine release but disagree as to whether repeated drug experience blunts …

Addiction is a chronic disease where periods of abstinence are riddled with instances of
craving, withdrawal, and eventual relapse to escalated drug use. Cues previously …

Chronic drug administration induces neuroplastic changes within brain circuits regulating
cognitive control and/or emotions. Following repeated pairings between drug intake and …

The subjective effects of intravenous cocaine are felt almost immediately, and this
immediacy plays an important part in the drug's rewarding impact. The primary rewarding …

Drug-associated cues have profound effects on an addict's emotional state and drug-
seeking behavior. Although this influence must involve the motivational neural system that …

An important goal of cocaine addiction research is to understand the neurobiological
mechanisms underlying this disease state. Here, we review studies from our laboratory that …

Adaptive motivated behavior requires rapid discrimination between beneficial and harmful
stimuli. Such discrimination leads to the generation of either an approach or rejection …

The propensity to self-administer cocaine may be a function of both its positively reinforcing
and aversive effects, with the latter acting as a limiting factor on overall drug taking …