The ocean holds vast quantities of carbon that it continually exchanges with the atmosphere
through the air-sea interface. Because of its enormous size and relatively rapid exchange of …

Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During
the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) …

The Southern Ocean plays a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle, dominating the
oceanic uptake of heat and carbon added by anthropogenic activities and modulating …

Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is, next to water vapour, considered to be the most important natural
greenhouse gas on Earth. Rapidly rising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations caused by …

Throughout Earth's history, the oceans have played a dominant role in the climate system
through the storage and transport of heat and the exchange of water and climate-relevant …

The geochemical disequilibrium of our planet is due mainly to carbon sequestration by
marine organisms over geological time. Changes in atmospheric CO2 during interglacial …

This textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students presents a
multidisciplinary approach to understanding ocean circulation and how it drives and controls …

This paper focuses on the oceanic sink for CO2 and the seasonal, interannual and decadal-
scale variability in sea-air fluxes. It specifically discusses how the sea-air exchange of CO2 …

Carbon is a keystone element in global biogeochemical cycles. It plays a fundamental role
in biotic and abiotic processes in the ocean, which intertwine to mediate the chemistry and …

Accumulation of atmospheric CO2 (Keeling and Whorf, 2002) and depletion of atmospheric
oxygen (Keeling and Shertz, 1992) from combustion of organic matter (OM) stored over …