Transitions to terrestriality have been associated with major animal radiations including land
snails and slugs in Stylommatophora (> 20 000 described species), the most successful …

Abstract Pulmonates, with over 30,000 described species, represent the largest radiation of
non-marine animals outside of Arthropoda. The pulmonate lung was a key evolutionary …

The pulmonates are the most speciose gastropod lineage and are highly diverse in
morphological form and habitat. The evolutionary relationships among the pulmonates have …

Background Transitions from marine to intertidal and terrestrial habitats resulted in a
significant adaptive radiation within the Panpulmonata (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). This …

The evolution and diversification of euthyneuran slugs and snails was likely strongly
influenced by habitat transitions from marine to terrestrial and limnic systems. Well …

Sea slugs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) are characterized by extensive morphological
homoplasy. In particular, reduced or absent shells are predominant throughout the group …

Gastropods are a highly diverse clade of molluscs that includes many familiar animals, such
as limpets, snails, slugs and sea slugs. It is one of the most abundant groups of animals in …

Gastropoda is the most speciose class in Mollusca, the second largest animal phylum,
whose internal relationships remain largely unsettled, partly due to the insufficient data from …

For more than a century, euthyneuran gastropods (> 30 000 species) were formally divided
into Opisthobranchia (sea slugs and related snails) and Pulmonata, which are aquatic or …

Background Extreme environments prompt the evolution of characteristic adaptations. Yet
questions remain about whether radiations in extreme environments originate from a single …