Innate immunity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and related
complications. Since the toll-like receptors (TLRs) are central to innate immunity, it appears …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the innate immune system play a key role in sensing and
eliminating microbial infections. Interactions between TLRs and their ligands expressed by …

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is associated with increased vascular complications and is a pro-
inflammatory state. Recent findings have shown increased TLR2 and 4 expression …

Innate immunity mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which can recognize pathogen
molecular patterns, plays a critical role in type 1 diabetes development. TLR7 is a pattern …

Background Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is widely recognized as an essential element in the
triggering of innate immunity, binding pathogen-associated molecules such as …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an important role in modulating innate immunity.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that is characterized by impaired …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. We
examined the function of TLR3 in glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes–related …

OBJECTIVE Individuals with type 2 diabetes have a myriad of metabolic aberrations
including increased inflammation, increasing their cardiovascular risk. Toll-like receptors …

Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that results in the progressive
loss of insulin producing cells. Studies performed in humans with T1D and animal models of …

Aims/hypothesis Innate immune effectors interact with the environment to contribute to the
pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease, type 1 diabetes. Although recent studies have …