Forests in virtually all regions of the world are being affected by invasions of non-native
insects. We conducted an in-depth review of the traits of successful invasive forest insects …

Invasions by nonindigenous forest insects can have spectacular effects on the biodiversity,
ecology, and economy of affected areas. This introduction explores several critical issues …

For millions of years the distribution of the world's biota has been restricted by oceans and
other natural barriers. During the last 100 yr, human activities, especially international travel …

International trade and movement of people are largely responsible for increasing numbers
of non-native insect introductions to new environments. For forest insects, trade in live plants …

Forests play critical roles in global ecosystem processes and provide numerous services to
society. But forests are increasingly affected by a variety of human influences, especially …

A literature survey identified 403 primary research publications that investigated the
ecological effects of invasive alien insects and/or the mechanisms underlying these effects …

The problem of forest insect invasions is intensifying. Non-native forest insects are invading
virtually every world region, and many are causing severe ecological and economic impacts …

The economic and environmental threats posed by non-native forest insects are ever
increasing with the continuing globalization of trade and travel; thus, the need for mitigation …

Invasive forest pathogens are a major threat to forests worldwide, causing increasing
damage. The knowledge of both the specific traits underlying the capacity of a pathogen to …

We review and synthesize information on invasions of nonnative forest insects and diseases
in the United States, including their ecological and economic impacts, pathways of arrival …