The association of retinal hypoxia with retinal neovascularization has been recognized for
decades, causing Michaelson to postulate in 1948 that a factor secreted by hypoxic retina …

In 1994, The American Journal of Pathology published a key article reporting that hypoxic
retina produces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), suggesting a role for VEGF in …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are the most
prevalent causes of blindness in the Western world. The pathogenesis of neovascularization …

Ocular angiogenesis and macular oedema are major causes of sight loss across the world.
Aberrant neovascularisation, which may arise secondary to numerous disease processes …

Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels form from existing vessel networks.
In the past three decades, significant progress has been made in our understanding of …

Neovascularization is a common pathological process in various retinal vascular disorders
including diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinal …

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are key mediator of retinal and choroidal
neovascularization as well as retinal vascular leakage leading to macular edema. As such …

Diabetes mellitus is a serious health problem that affects over 350 million individuals
worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is the most common microvascular complication …

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus and a leading
cause of visual loss. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is an ocular manifestation of the …

The “golden years” are much less so if you lose your central vision to neovascular age-
related macular degeneration (AMD). Approximately 15 out of 1000 individuals over age 75 …