Highlights•Individual ISGs have measurable phenotypes in vivo.•ISGs control viral
pathogenesis through a variety of mechanisms.•ISG effects in vivo are often virus-specific …

In the absence of an intact interferon (IFN) response, mammals may be susceptible to lethal
viral infection. IFNs are secreted cytokines that activate a signal transduction cascade …

The interferon response protects cells from invading viral pathogens by transcriptionally
inducing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), some of which encode …

The ability of a host to curb a viral infection is heavily reliant on the effectiveness of an initial
antiviral innate immune response, resulting in the upregulation of interferon (IFN) and …

Many viruses trigger the type I interferon (IFN) system, leading to the transcription of
hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). The products of these ISGs exert numerous …

Interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) products take on a number of diverse roles. Collectively,
they are highly effective at resisting and controlling pathogens. In this review, we begin by …

The type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathway restricts infection of many divergent families of
RNA and DNA viruses by inducing hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), some of which …

The type I interferon response protects cells against invading viral pathogens. The cellular
factors that mediate this defence are the products of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) …

Interferon (IFN)–stimulated genes (ISGs) are antiviral effectors that are induced by IFNs
through the formation of a tripartite transcription factor ISGF3, which is composed of IRF9 …

Over half a century has passed since interferons (IFNs) were discovered and shown to
inhibit virus infection in cultured cells. Since then, researchers have steadily brought to light …