The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed the EU's external dependencies and deepened
existing vulnerabilities, leading to a major health crisis and consequent socioeconomic …

The aim of this research paper is to review the recent emergence on the European scene of
the concept of open strategic autonomy and the consequences it may have for EU action …

EU strategic autonomy (EU-SA) refers to the capacity of the EU to act autonomously–that is,
without being dependent on other countries–in strategically important policy areas. These …

Te European Union (EU) is currently facing the most challenging international environment
since the end of the Cold War. Cracks have appeared in the foundations on which the EU's …

The European strategic autonomy concept became a buzzword in 2016 after the European
Union released “A Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security …

Strategic autonomy remains one of the most contentious concepts in EU foreign and security
policy. The COVID-19 pandemic bolstered the concept's economic and technological …

The debate about European strategic autonomy has picked up again. First used and agreed
by the European Union without much fanfare in 2013, by the fall of 2020, European strategic …

Since Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a radical transformation of the
meaning, use and role of the concept of strategic autonomy within the European project …

The first half of 2020 witnessed two unrelated developments with far-reaching ramifications
for the European Union. On 11 March, the World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledged …

For decades, the EU's trade policy has been centred around open (ing) markets. Why, then,
has the EU recently embraced open strategic autonomy as the conceptual cornerstone of its …