The misuse of antibiotics has led to the global spread of drug-resistant bacteria, especially
multi-drug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus …

Animal models have been, and continue to be, viable tools for investigating crucial scientific
issues related to the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and serve as living platforms for …

Infectious diseases are the outcome of molecular cross-communication between host and its
pathogens. During the molecular cross talks, host–pathogen proteomics, genomics, and …

Diverse aspects of host–pathogen interactions have been studied using non-mammalian
hosts such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster …

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common causes of
hospital-acquired pneumonia. To better manage patients with MRSA pneumonia, we require …

Abstract Models occupy an essential position in the study of infectious disease as a result of
the ethical problems of exposing humans to potentially lethal agents. Deliberately induced …

Only a few, relatively cumbersome animal models enable long-term Gram-negative bacterial
infections that mimic human situations, where untreated infections can last for weeks. Here …

Polymicrobial diseases involve two or more microorganisms that act synergistically, or in
succession, to mediate complex disease processes. Although polymicrobial diseases in …

At present, various zoonotic and multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria, including but not limited
to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, are well-equipped to survive and conquer …

Bacteria represent a threat to human health, especially in healthcare settings, and treatment
options are limited due to increasingly common antibiotic resistance. It is, therefore …