A comprehensive number of epidemiological and animal studies suggest that prenatal and
early life events are important determinants for disorders later in life. Among them, prenatal …

Obesity during pregnancy programs adult-onset heart disease in the offspring. Clinical
studies indicate that exposure to an adverse environment in utero during early, as compared …

Pathogenic factors associated with maternal hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and diabetic
conditions during pregnancy influence fetal development and predispose offspring to …

Obese pregnancies are not only associated with adverse consequences for the mother but
also the long-term health of her child. Human studies have shown that individuals from …

Aims Obesity during pregnancy increases risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the
offspring and individuals exposed to over-nutrition during fetal life are likely to be exposed to …

Epidemiologic studies suggest a relationship between low birth weight and adverse
cardiovascular outcomes. Risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus …

The in utero environment is a key determinant of long-term health outcomes; poor maternal
metabolic state and placental insufficiency are strongly associated with these long-term …

Obesity in pregnant women causes fetal cardiac dysfunction and increases offspring
cardiovascular disease risk, but its effect on myocardial metabolism is unknown. We …

Exposure of an embryo or fetus to a sub-optimal environment increases its risk of acquiring
coronary disease and heart failure in adult life through a process known as programming …

Low birth weight serves as a crude proxy for impaired growth during fetal life and indicates a
failure for the fetus to achieve its full growth potential. Low birth weight can occur in …