The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes a network of cancerous and non-cancerous
cells, together with associated blood vessels, the extracellular matrix, and signaling …

There is a complex interaction between pro-tumoural and anti-tumoural networks in the
tumour microenvironment (TME). Throughout tumourigenesis, communication between …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognised as a pivotal player in cell-cell
communication, an attribute of EVs that derives from their ability to transport bioactive …

Metastasis, the spread of a tumor or cancer from the primary site of the body to a secondary
site, is a multi-step process in cancer progression, accounting for various obstacles in …

The link between metabolism and tumor progression has been extensively researched for a
long time. With the increasing number of studies uncovering the multiple functions of …

Metabolic reprogramming is reported to be one of the hallmarks of cancer, which is an
adaptive mechanism by which fast-growing cancer cells adapt to their increasing energy …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises an assortment of immune and non-immune
cells. The interactions between the cancer cells and their surrounding TME are known to be …

Human tumors are increasingly being described as a complex “ecosystem”, that includes
many different cell types, secreted growth factors, extracellular matrix (ECM) components …

Increasing evidence has suggested that extracellular vesicles (EV) mediated bidirectional
transfer of functional molecules (such as proteins, different types of RNA, and lipids) …

Tumor progression toward malignancy often requires a metabolic rewiring of cancer cells to
meet changes in metabolic demand to forefront nutrient and oxygen withdrawal, together …