The aim of this research was to identify a small set of indicators of an individual's deprivation
that is appropriate for all ethnic groups and can be combined into a single and simple index …

Objectives: To outline the development and uses of the census-based New Zealand small-
area index of relative socio-economic deprivation, NZDep. Methods: NZDep has been …

Abstract In New Zealand, existing area‐based indices of deprivation were inadequate
because of lack of theoretical underpinning and use of comparatively large areas resulting …

Carstairs scores, first calculated in the 19 0s based on data from the 19 1 Census, were
designed as a summary measure of relative deprivation within small populations. They were …

NZDep2013 is an updated version of the NZDep91, NZDep96, NZDep2001 and
NZDep2006 indexes of socioeconomic deprivation. NZDep2013 combines nine variables …

KEY ISSUES--Over one hundred years of social science research has shown that different
social groups have different probabilities of suffering from multiple deprivation; yet census …

For the past 20 years, the New Zealand Deprivation Index (NZDep) has been the universal
measure of area-based social circumstances for New Zealand (NZ) and often the key social …

Background Despite a concerted policy effort in Europe, social inequalities in health are a
persistent problem. Developing a standardised measure of socioeconomic level across …

Introduction: Despite the widespread use of deprivation indices in public health, they are
rarely explicitly or extensively validated, owing to the complex nature of the exercise …

Objectives Social determinants can have a major impact on health and as a consequence
substantial inequalities are seen between and within countries. The study of inequalities …