The first article in the Professional Forum by Janet E. Helms examines the development of
racial consciousness. The model proposed separate stagewise processes for Blacks and …

The majority of research examining the cross-cultural dyad, wherein the counselor is usually
White and the client is of minority status, has most often targeted the client as the subject of …

This article integrates the work of cross-cultural counselor-training development theorists
(Carney & Kahn, 1984; Rowe, 1989), racial-identity development specialists (eg, Helms …

The relationship of Black racial identity development to issues of importance to counseling
psychologists was highlighted in 1981 when Parham and Helms published “The Influence of …

Discusses the difficulty of achieving and maintaining rapport between white counselors and
black clients. A harmonious black-black relationship may be difficult also, depending on the …

Helms (1984) presented a model to explain the influence of Black and White racial identity
development on counseling interactions. The purpose of this study was to examine her …

A revolutionary theory, a clinical watershed, a masterful text The Influence of Race and
Racial Identity in Psychotherapy, Robert T. Carter changes the course of a century of …

In many respects, Parham is to be congratulated on his article “Cycles of Psychological
Nigrescence.” Anytime a scholar attempts to do theorizing, it is an ambitious project, and one …

Abstract regarding how counseling should proceed in order to produce desirable outcomes
with racial/ethnic minority clients, however, past reviews (particularly those based on …

Race has been one of the recurring and critical themes of psychology from the beginnings of
the science in 1892. The legacy of psychology with respect to race is a decidedly mixed one …