There has been significant progress in our knowledge of the cause, the pathogenesis, and
the nature of the mechanism of cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD). Mutations in single …

Parkinson disease (PD) is no longer considered a complex motor disorder characterized by
parkinsonism but rather a systemic disease with variegated non-motor deficits and …

Parkinson's disease is a primarily sporadic occurring neurodegenerative disorder of
advanced age. However, in the last few years several genes have been identified that lead …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from degeneration of the
substantia nigra and the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway. Most treatments are geared …

The development of interventions to slow or prevent progression represents an important
aim for current research into Parkinson disease (PD). General agreement prevails that …

INTRODUCTION We are at a critical juncture in our knowledge of the etiology and
pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). It is clear that PD is not a single entity simply …

Parkinson disease (PD) treatment options have conventionally focused on dopamine
replacement and provision of symptomatic relief. Current treatments cause undesirable …

Psychotic symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and occur in at least 20% of
medication-treated patients. Benign visual hallucinations usually appear earlier, while …

Parkinson׳ s disease (PD) is chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by profound loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. It is recognized by …

The heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease (PD), ie the various clinical phenotypes,
pathological findings, genetic predispositions and probably also the various implicated …