Traditional and emerging human activities are increasingly putting pressures on marine
ecosystems and impacting their ability to sustain ecological and human communities. To …

Assessing the environmental status of marine ecosystems is useful when communicating
key messages to policymakers or the society, reducing the complex information of the …

Integrated assessment requires examination of factors across biological hierarchies,
taxonomic groups, ocean-use sectors, management objectives, and scientific disciplines …

This review provides a broad conceptual overview of different approaches to measuring
marine ecosystem condition and guidance for framework development (particularly relevant …

A major challenge in ocean and coastal management is to find simple ways to evaluate the
health of such complex ecosystems. This task may prove complicated as selection criteria …

This article considers the approach taken by the ICES to integrated ecosystem assessments
(IEAs) in the context of the wider evolution of IEAs and the science/policy landscape within …

Although the terms 'health'and 'healthy'are often applied to marine ecosystems and
communicate information about holistic condition (eg as required by the Ecosystem …

Ecosystem-based management (EBM) has emerged as a basic approach for managing
human activities in marine ecosystems, with the aim of recovering and conserving marine …

The benefits provided by a healthy ocean are receiving increasing attention in policy and
management spheres. A fundamental challenge with assessing ocean health and …

Between 2014 and 2016, an interdisciplinary team of researchers including physical
oceanographers, biologists, economists and anthropologists developed a working example …