Background Skeletal muscle atrophy has been reported in patients with Parkinson disease
(PD). The purpose of this study was to examine the potential implication of interleukin 1 beta …

BACKGROUND: Induction of Parkinson disease (PD) causes interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and
tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) upregulation in gastrocnemius skeletal muscles …

Background: Peripheral immune system abnormalities are associated with Parkinson's
disease, but role of inflammatory factors in Parkinson's disease has not been consistently …

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative
diseases in the elderly. PD complications include muscle weakness and fatigue, these …

Objective: To investigate the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and the correlations
with Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical symptoms. Methods: Serum levels of the cytokines …

Some studies have demonstrated altered circulating levels of cytokines, including IL-6, in
Parkinson's disease (PD), implying a possible involvement of inflammatory and immune …

BACKGROUND: We have shown elevated levels of p53 and active caspase-3 in
gastrocnemius skeletal muscle with Parkinson's disease (PD). The main aim of this study is …

Several parameters representing the clinical diversity of Parkinson's disease (PD), including
severity, phenotypes, cognitive decline, anxiety and depression were analyzed to examine …

Although the role of inflammation in neurodegeneration has been well acknowledged, less
is known on the issue of each cytokine in specific neurodegenerative diseases. In this …

OBJECTIVES: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, caused by the
gradual loss of cells in substantia nigra. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in a variety …