This Campbell systematic review compares effects of custodial and non‐custodial sentences
on re‐offending. The authors found 14 high‐quality studies, including three randomised …

The objective of this Campbell Systematic Review was to assess the relative effects of
custodial sanctions (imprisonment) and non‐custodial (“alternative” or “community”) …

Based on a systematic review of some 23 (out of 300 originally located) studies, it is
concluded that most studies show lower rates of re-offending following a non-custodial …

Beginning in the 1970s, the United States began an experiment in mass imprisonment.
Supporters argued that harsh punishments such as imprisonment reduce crime by deterring …

Since the 19th century, short custodial sentences were said to foster re-offending through
alienating inmates from families and work. The present study is one of the few randomized …

The effects of correctional interventions on recidivism have important public safety
implications when offenders are released from probation or prison. Hundreds of studies …

Objectives The main aim of this article is to review knowledge about what works in
preventing future offending by delinquents and offenders. We examine what has been …

Within recent years “get tough” strategies have become the latest panacea for dealing with
offenders (see Cullen & Gendreau, 2000). This chapter quantitatively summarizes a …

This study reports the results of a 24-month resanctioning study of restorative and traditional
cautions. The work follows on from a previous study of restorative cautions in Thames Valley …

Prison numbers in the UK are at record levels and continue to rise. The rise in prison
numbers has led to a renewed focus on the relative effectiveness of different sentences and …