The cardiovascular system is subject to hyperlipidaemic, inflammatory, and pro-oxidant
stressors. Over time, these factors drive prevalent chronic diseases, of which atherosclerosis …

B cells have emerged as important immune cells in cardiovascular disease. Initial studies
have suggested that B cells protect against atherosclerosis development. However …

Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven inflammatory disease of blood vessels, and both innate and
adaptive immune responses are involved in its development. The impact of B cells on …

Because atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide,
understanding inflammatory processes underpinning its pathology is critical. B cells have …

Atherosclerotic plaque formation is strongly influenced by different arms of the immune
system, including B lymphocytes. B cells are divided into 2 main families: the B1 and the B2 …

Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of heart attacks and strokes, is a chronic inflammatory
disease of the artery wall. Immune cells, including lymphocytes modulate atherosclerotic …

Insights into the important contribution of inflammation and immune functions in the
development and progression of atherosclerosis have greatly improved our understanding …

Immune mechanisms are critically involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its
clinical manifestations. Associations of specific antibody levels and defined B-cell subsets …

Adaptive immune response plays an important role in atherogenesis. In atherosclerosis, the
proinflammatory immune response driven by Th1 is predominant but the anti-inflammatory …

B cells are traditionally known for their ability to produce antibodies in the context of adaptive
immune responses. However, over the last decade B cells have been increasingly …