2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

Most detection and attribution studies use climate models to determine both the expected
'fingerprint'of climate change and the uncertainty in the estimated magnitude of this …

Current levels of global warming (Haustein et al. 2017) have already intensified heat waves,
droughts, and floods, with many recent events exhibiting evidence of being exacerbated by …

As climate changes due to the increase of greenhouse gases, there is the potential for
climate variability to change as well. The change in variability of temperature and …

This chapter assesses long-term projections of climate change for the end of the 21st
century and beyond, where the forced signal depends on the scenario and is typically larger …

Quantifying the Role of Internal Climate Variability in Future Climate Trends in: Journal of
Climate Volume 28 Issue 16 (2015) Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation Logo Logo Logo …

Abstract Changes in climate are usually considered in terms of trends or differences over
time. However, for many impacts requiring adaptation, it is the amplitude of the change …

Evidence of the effect of external influences on the climate system has continued to
accumulate since the Third Assessment Report (TAR). The evidence now available is …

Climate models have continued to be developed and improved since the AR4, and many
models have been extended into Earth System models by including the representation of …

Climate varies on all time scales, from one year to the next, as well as from one decade,
century or millennium to the next. The complex nature of this variability is a major obstacle to …