Isozymes of alcohol and other dehydrogenases convert ethanol and retinol to their
corresponding aldehydes in vitro. In addition, new pathways of retinol metabolism have …

Until two decades ago, dietary deficiencies were considered to be the major reason why
alcoholics developed liver disease. As the overall nutrition of the population improved, more …

We found lower plasma β-carotene concentrations in alcoholics than in control subjects, but
heavy drinkers (≥ 200 g/d) had about twice the β-carotene of those drinking less (P< 0.01) …

The objective of this review is to explore the relationship between alcohol and the
metabolism of the essential micronutrient, vitamin A; as well as the impact this interaction …

Because we had found that ethanol interacts with retinol, we investigated whether it also
affects its precursor, β–carotene. In 14 baboons fed ethanol (50% of total energy) for 2 to 5 yr …

Chronic and excessive alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of a variety of
cancers (eg, oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, liver, lung, colorectal, and breast). Retinoids …

Preformed vitamin A (all-trans-retinol and its esters) and provitamin A (beta-carotene) are
essential dietary nutrients that provide a source of retinol. Both retinyl esters and beta …

Dark adaptation has been used as a tool for identifying patients with subclinical vitamin A
deficiency. With this functional test it was shown that tissue vitamin A deficiency occurs over …

Epidemiological studies have associated low dietary and/or plasma level of carotenoids with
higher incidences of certain cancers. This evidence has led the National Cancer Institute to …

Dr. James Allen Olson helped us to define the role of beta-carotene in human health by
categorizing these as “functions, actions and associations.” In the last decade, significant …