The physiologic mediators of orthodontic therapy are the facial sutures, the
temporomandibular joint (TMJ), alveolar bone, and the periodontal ligament (PDL). The PDL …

Bone modeling is a mechanically mediated adaptive process for changing a bone's size,
shape, or position. Site specific, anabolic and catabolic modeling events are manifestations …

Orthodontic force‐induced stresses cause dynamic alterations within the extracellular matrix
and within the cytoskeleton of cells in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, mediating …

Adaptive biochemical response to applied orthodontic force is a highly sophisticated
process. Many layers of networked reactions occur in and around periodontal ligament and …

This review highlights recent developments in bone cell biology, evaluates previous
research, and offers future direction toward improving our understanding of events that …

The tooth-periodontal ligament-alveolar bone complex acts symbiotically to dissipate the
mechanical loads incurred during mastication and/or orthodontic tooth movement. The …

Structured Abstract Authors–Judex S, Gupta S, Rubin C Objectives–Response of the
skeleton to application and removal of specific mechanical signals is discussed. Anabolic …

The mechanical stimuli generated by orthodontic forces cause deformation of extracellular
matrices and cells, vascular changes, inflammation, and the release of active biological …

Alveolar bone remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a highly regulated
process that coordinates bone resorption by osteoclasts and new bone formation by …

Teeth move through alveolar bone, whether through the normal process of tooth eruption or
by strains generated by orthodontic appliances. Both eruption and orthodontics accomplish …