Make and break the alarmone: regulation of (p) ppGpp synthetase/hydrolase enzymes in bacteria

S Ronneau, R Hallez - FEMS microbiology reviews, 2019 - academic.oup.com
Bacteria use dedicated mechanisms to respond adequately to fluctuating environments and
to optimize their chances of survival in harsh conditions. One of the major stress responses …

Triggering the stringent response: signals responsible for activating (p) ppGpp synthesis in bacteria

SE Irving, RM Corrigan - Microbiology, 2018 - microbiologyresearch.org
The stringent response is a conserved bacterial stress response mechanism that allows
bacteria to respond to nutritional challenges. It is mediated by the alarmones pppGpp and …

Recent functional insights into the role of (p) ppGpp in bacterial physiology

V Hauryliuk, GC Atkinson, KS Murakami… - Nature Reviews …, 2015 - nature.com
The alarmones guanosine tetraphosphate and guanosine pentaphosphate (collectively
referred to as (p) ppGpp) are involved in regulating growth and several different stress …

Two P or not two P: understanding regulation by the bacterial second messengers (p) ppGpp

G Bange, DE Brodersen, A Liuzzi… - Annual Review of …, 2021 - annualreviews.org
Under stressful growth conditions and nutrient starvation, bacteria adapt by synthesizing
signaling molecules that profoundly reprogram cellular physiology. At the onset of this …

[HTML][HTML] (p) ppGpp: magic modulators of bacterial physiology and metabolism

W Steinchen, V Zegarra, G Bange - Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020 - frontiersin.org
When bacteria experience growth-limiting environmental conditions, the synthesis of the
hyperphosphorylated guanosine derivatives (p) ppGpp is induced by enzymes of the …

The stringent response and physiological roles of (pp) pGpp in bacteria

SE Irving, NR Choudhury, RM Corrigan - Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2021 - nature.com
The stringent response is a stress signalling system mediated by the alarmones guanosine
tetraphosphate (ppGpp) and guanosine pentaphosphate (pppGpp) in response to nutrient …

Identification of a broadly conserved family of enzymes that hydrolyze (p) ppApp

S Ahmad, IJ Gordon, KK Tsang… - Proceedings of the …, 2023 - National Acad Sciences
Bacteria produce a variety of nucleotide second messengers to adapt to their surroundings.
Although chemically similar, the nucleotides guanosine penta-and tetraphosphate [(p) …

Regulatory themes and variations by the stress-signaling nucleotide alarmones (p) ppGpp in bacteria

BW Anderson, DK Fung, JD Wang - Annual Review of Genetics, 2021 - annualreviews.org
Bacterial stress-signaling alarmones are important components of a protective network
against diverse stresses such as nutrient starvation and antibiotic assault. pppGpp and …

Novel (p)ppGpp Binding and Metabolizing Proteins of Escherichia coli

Y Zhang, E Zborníková, D Rejman, K Gerdes - MBio, 2018 - Am Soc Microbiol
The alarmone (p) ppGpp plays pivotal roles in basic bacterial stress responses by
increasing tolerance of various nutritional limitations and chemical insults, including …

Diversity in (p) ppGpp metabolism and effectors

K Liu, AN Bittner, JD Wang - Current opinion in microbiology, 2015 - Elsevier
Highlights•(p) ppGpp metabolic enzymes sense diverse stresses.•(p) ppGpp regulates
transcription initiation by targeting RNAP or GTP levels.•(p) ppGpp controls replication …