The assessment of three-dimensional blood flow dynamics by means of Phase-Contrast
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PC-MRI) holds promising potential for the non-invasive …

The assessment of blood flow was one of the first clinically adopted quantitative measures in
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The underlying principle for this measurement is the …

Background: Phase-contrast (PC) based flow MRI is a unique imaging technique that allows
a non-invasive measurement of the blood's velocity vector field eg in the human heart or …

Recently, the hemodynamic assessments with 3D cine phase-contrast (PC) MRI (4D flow
MRI) have attracted considerable attention from clinicians. Unlike 2D cine PC MRI, the …

Since the 1990's Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has established itself as one of the
leading tools in clinical diagnostics and radiology. MRI is used to obtain morphological …

The intrinsic motion sensitivity of MRI, which is exploited in phase-contrast (PC) MRI, can be
used to measure and quantify in vivo blood flow simultaneously with morphological data …

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has firmly established itself as one of the leading tools in
clinical diagnostics and radiology. However, its full potential still remains to be utilized in …

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using three-dimensional velocity encoding phase
contrast methods offers the opportunity to quantify time-resolved 3D flow patterns in vivo …

Disturbed hemodynamic conditions are often related to pathologies of the cardiovascular
system. Phase‐contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non‐invasive …

The study of blood flow is essential in understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of
the cardiovascular system. Small disturbances of the blood flow may over time evolve and …