The main disorders of human pregnancy are rooted in defective placentation. Normal
placental development depends on proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of …

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) enhances proliferation and survival of human first-trimester
cytotrophoblasts (CTB) by signaling through the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) …

Placental insufficiency is thought to be a key factor in many cases of intrauterine growth
restriction which complicates about 6% of pregnancies in western countries. Understanding …

Insulin‐like growth factor‐II (IGF‐II) expression has been implicated as a major determinant
of fetal size during murine pregnancy. It remains unclear whether expression in the fetus, the …

The insulin like growth factors and their binding proteins appear to play a central role during
implantation and establishment of pregnancy in all species studied. Although there are …

Many studies have implicated the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and insulin-like growth
factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in the control of the feto–maternal interface of human …

The placenta transports substrates and wastes between the maternal and fetal circulations.
In mice, placental IGF-II is essential for normal placental development and function but, in …

The insulin-like growth factors, IGF-I and IGF-II, have an important role in fetoplacental
growth throughout gestation. They have metabolic, mitogenic and differentiative actions in a …

As background for an antibody‐based therapeutic program against the IGF receptor, we
undertook a review of available information on the early pregnancy‐specific regulation and …

Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins regulate cellular proliferation,
differentiation and function, and play an important role in placental development. IGF-II and …