Spermatogenesis is a complex process occurring in mammalian testes, and constant sperm
production depends on the exact regulation of the microenvironment in the testes. Many …

Mammalian spermatogenesis contributes a constant production of large numbers of
spermatozoa, which is achieved by a cyclically regulated program known as the …

The blood testis-barrier (BTB) is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the seminiferous
epithelium. Although many studies have reported that vitamin A (VA) is required for the …

Signaling through vitamin A metabolites is indispensable for spermatogenesis, and
disruption of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) function resulted in male sterility and …

Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is essential for male fertility, ensuring a continuous
supply of mature sperm. The testicular microenvironment finely tunes this process, with …

Retinoic acid receptor α (RARA), a retinoic acid–dependent transcription factor, is expressed
in both somatic and germ cells of the testis. Rara-null male mice with global Rara mutations …

The active metabolite of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), is absolutely required for the
production of fertile sperm throughout the reproductive life of mammalian males. Our …

Background Testis is an immune privileged organ, which prevents the immune response
against sperm antigens and inflammation. Testicular cells responsible for immune tolerance …

The blood-testis barrier (BTB), conferred by Sertoli cells in the mammalian testis, is an
important ultrastructure that supports spermatogenesis. Studies using animal models have …

Homeostasis of tissues relies on the regulated differentiation of stem cells. In the epithelium
of mouse seminiferous tubules, the differentiation process from undifferentiated …